| Accession | GenProp0752 |
| Name | ergothioneine biosynthesis |
| Type | SYSTEM |
| Description | In actinobacteria, ergothioneine biosynthesis begins with EgtD, a SAM-dependent enzyme that trimethylates the histidine alpha-amino group to produce hercynine, the histidine-betaine. EgtA gamma-ligates Cys to Glu, as occurs in glutathione biosynthesis. Next, EgtB attaches hercynine to gammaglutamyl cysteine, with sulfur attachment to the histidine-derived ring. EgtC then releases glutamate . Finally, EgtE, a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme related to selenocysteine lyase, cleaves the hercynylcysteine sulfoxide to leave ergothioneine. Ergothioneine production is known also in cyanobacteria and mushrooms, and is predicted to be more widely distributed. |
| JCVI Role | Conserved |
| Parent Property | GenProp0184: cofactor biosynthesis
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| Literature References | [ 1 ]Seebeck FP In vitro reconstitution of Mycobacterial ergothioneine biosynthesis. J Am Chem Soc. 2010 May 19;132(19):6632-3. PMID 20420449
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| Gene Ontology Term | GO:0052699: ergothioneine biosynthetic process (biological_process)
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| Step Name | Step Num | Required | Evidence (Method) | Evidence Go Terms |
|---|
| glutamate--cysteine ligase family protein | egtA | NO | TIGR03444 (HMM): ergothioneine biosynthesis glutamate--cysteine ligase EgtA | GO:0052699: ergothioneine biosynthetic process
|
| ergothioneine biosynthesis protein EgtB | egtB | YES | TIGR03440 (HMM): ergothioneine biosynthesis protein EgtB | GO:0052699: ergothioneine biosynthetic process
|
| ergothioneine biosynthesis protein EgtC | egtC | NO | TIGR03442 (HMM): ergothioneine biosynthesis protein EgtC | GO:0052699: ergothioneine biosynthetic process
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| ergothioneine biosynthesis methyltransferase EgtD | egtD | YES | TIGR03438 (HMM): dimethylhistidine N-methyltransferase | GO:0052699: ergothioneine biosynthetic process
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| ergothioneine biosynthesis PLP-binding protein EgtE | egtE | NO | TIGR04343 (HMM): ergothioneine biosynthesis PLP-dependent enzyme EgtE | GO:0052699: ergothioneine biosynthetic process
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