Genome Property Definition Page
| Accession | GenProp0755 |
| Name | pyruvate conversion to propionate, anaerobic, FAD/NAD-regenerating |
| Type | METAPATH |
| Description | Certain bacteria (notably Propionobacter species) convert pyruvate to propionate as a waste end-product of anaerobic fermentation. The purpose of this pathway is to regenerate the NADH and FADH2 consumed in the production of pyruvate (and ATP) from fermentable sugars, something that cannot be done efficiently in the absence of oxygen or other suitable electron acceptor. The essential enzyme in this pathway is methylmalonyl-CoA carboxytransferase (EC 2.1.3.1) which couples the carboxylation of pyruvate (to oxaloacetate) with the decarboxylation of (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA (to propionyl-CoA). Without this enzyme the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate would require ATP (EC 6.4.1.1) and be considerably less efficient. Note that a number of the components of this pathway are also elements of the TCA cycle running in reverse (malate DH, fumarate hydratase, succinate dehydrogenase). |
| Parent Property | GenProp0070: energy metabolism |
| Web References | MetaCyc:pyruvate fermentation to propionate I |
Components
| Step Name | Step Num | Required | Evidence (Method) | Evidence Go Terms |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| fumarate hydratase (4.2.1.2) | FH | YES | TIGR00979 (HMM): fumarate hydratase, class II PF05683 (HMM): fumarate hydratase I, C-terminal region or beta subunit PF05681 (HMM): fumarate hydratase | |
| fumarate reductase complex | FRD | YES | GenProp0756 (GENPROP): fumarate reductase complex | |
| malate dehydrogenase (1.1.1.37) | MDH | YES | TIGR01759 (HMM): malate dehydrogenase TIGR01758 (HMM): malate dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent TIGR01763 (HMM): malate dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent TIGR01772 (HMM): malate dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent | |
| methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase | MMC-DC | YES | ||
| methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase (5.1.99.1) | MMCE | NO | TIGR03081 (HMM): methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase | |
| methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (5.4.99.2) | MMCM | YES | TIGR00641 (HMM): methylmalonyl-CoA mutase N-terminal domain TIGR00640 (HMM): methylmalonyl-CoA mutase C-terminal domain TIGR00642 (HMM): methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, small subunit | |
| pyruvate carboxylase | PC | YES | ||
| propionyl CoA:succinate CoA transferase (2.8.3.-) | PCSCT | YES | TIGR03458 (HMM): succinate CoA transferase |
Parent Properties
| Accession | Name |
|---|---|
| GenProp0070 | energy metabolism |
Sibling Properties
| Accession | Name |
|---|---|
| GenProp0011 | methanogenesis |
| GenProp0023 | glyoxylate shunt |
| GenProp0027 | photosynthesis |
| GenProp0033 | TCA cycle |
| GenProp0120 | pentose phosphate cycle |
| GenProp0131 | electron transport |
| GenProp0243 | ATP synthases |
| GenProp0298 | fermentation |
| GenProp0459 | D-xylose utilization (conversion to D-xylulose-5-phosphate) |
| GenProp0468 | Entner-Doudoroff pathway |
| GenProp0473 | arsenite oxidase |
| GenProp0611 | aerobic respiration |
| GenProp0636 | respiratory nitrate reductase |
| GenProp0637 | anaerobic dimethyl sulfoxide reductase |
| GenProp0638 | trimethylamine N-oxide reductase system |
| GenProp0682 | formate-dependent nitrite reductase, seven-gene type |
| GenProp0683 | cytochrome c nitrite reductase NrfHA |
| GenProp0691 | glycolysis |
| GenProp0695 | cytochrome b558/566 |
| GenProp0723 | hydrogenase, nickel and F420-dependent |
| GenProp0737 | anaerobic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase complex |
| GenProp0756 | fumarate reductase complex |
| GenProp0764 | DMSO reductase family type II enzyme |
| GenProp0841 | 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase |
| GenProp0856 | bacterio-opsin system |
| GenProp0914 | hydrogenase, [FeFe]-dependent |
| GenProp0915 | hydrogenase, mono-iron type |
| GenProp1089 | B12-dependent trimeric diol/glycerol dehydratase |
| GenProp1101 | quinoprotein cytochrome relay system |