Genome Property Definition Page

Accession

GenProp0312

Name

pyrrolysine

Type

SYSTEM

Description

In methanogens, methylamine methyltransferases have an in-frame TAG codon that is translated with a lysine amide-linked to (4R,5R)-4-substituted-pyrroline-5-carboxylate. This residue is called pyrrolysine, and is considered the 22nd amino acid, where selenocysteine is the 21st. Pyrrrolysine occurs also in Desulfitobacterium hafniense and related species; proteins in which pyrrolysine occurs are not necessarily homologous to each other. A three-gene cassette, pylBCD, produces the pyrrolysine prior to its attachment to its cognate tRNA.

Parent Property

GenProp0197: protein biosynthesis

Literature References

[ 1 ]Polycarpo C, Ambrogelly A, Berube A, Winbush SM, McCloskey JA, Crain PF, Wood JL, Soll D An aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that specifically activates pyrrolysine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004 Aug 24;101(34):12450-4. Epub 2004 Aug 16. PMID 15314242
[ 2 ]Longstaff DG, Larue RC, Faust JE, Mahapatra A, Zhang L, Green-Church KB, Krzycki JA A natural genetic code expansion cassette enables transmissible biosynthesis and genetic encoding of pyrrolysine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jan 16;104(3):1021-6. PMID 17204561

Components

Step Name	Step Num	Required	Evidence (Method)
	example	YES	pyrrolysine-containing (com_name)
pyrrolysine biosynthesis radical SAM protein	pylB	YES	TIGR03910 (HMM): pyrrolysine biosynthesis radical SAM protein
pyrrolysine biosynthesis protein PylC	pylC	YES	TIGR03909 (HMM): pyrrolysine biosynthesis protein PylC
pyrrolysine biosynthesis protein PylD	pylD	YES	TIGR03911 (HMM): pyrrolysine biosynthesis protein PylD
pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase, C-terminal region	pylSc	YES	TIGR02367 (HMM): pyrrolysine--tRNA ligase, C-terminal region
pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase, N-terminal region	pylSn	YES	TIGR03912 (HMM): pyrrolysine--tRNA ligase, N-terminal region
pyrrolysine tRNA	pylT	YES	tRNA-PyL (RNA)

Parent Properties

Accession	Name
GenProp0197	protein biosynthesis

Sibling Properties

Accession	Name
GenProp0016	selenocysteine system
GenProp0132	transcription termination - antitermination Nus factors
GenProp0148	release factor 2 programmed frameshift
GenProp0174	ribosome, bacterial, large subunit
GenProp0175	ribosome, bacterial, small subunit
GenProp0188	GatABC aspartyl/glutamyl-tRNA(Asn/Gln) amidotransferase complex
GenProp0189	tRNA-Gln direct aminoacylation
GenProp0211	tmRNA trans-translation system
GenProp0258	tRNA aminoacylation
GenProp0259	tRNA-Asn direct aminoacylation
GenProp0304	cysteine biosynthesis, tRNA-dependent
GenProp0634	Sigma-54 (RpoN) systems
GenProp0692	selenouridine-containing tRNA
GenProp0704	tRNA U34 carboxymethylaminomethyl modification
GenProp0740	translation initiation, bacterial
GenProp0741	translation elongation, bacterial
GenProp0746	translation termination, bacterial
GenProp0812	rho-dependent termination