| Accession | GenProp0040 |
| Name | thiotemplate type non-ribosomal peptide biosynthesis |
| Type | SYSTEM |
| Description | Non-ribosomal peptides are an important class of natural product which are assembled by the sequential addition of units containing amino acid groups in peptide linkages. These natural products include antibiotics, siderophores, toxins and other compounds of biological and economic importance.
These products are synthesized on large proteins called non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) which specify the amino acids to be added by the sequence of amino acid adenylation (activation) domains along the synthetase. NRPSs may utilize many more amino acids than the 20 to which the ribosomes are limited. In addition, NRPSs may form linkages between side-chain amino and carboxylate groups and may contain domains which catalyze epimerization, methylation, cross-linking, cyclization, oxidation, reduction and other modifications to the growing peptide chain. Chain initiation may incorporate fatty acids (in the case of lipodepsipeptides) or other non-amino acid, carboxylate-containing compounds and NRPSs may work in concert with polyketide synthetases to form hybrid peptide-ketide natural products.
NRPSs, like type I polyketide synthetases, work via a thio-template mechanism in which the activated units are transferred to the thiol of bound pantetheine groups in a thio-ester linkage (of the amino acid carboxylates). Condensation domains then join two thioester-bound units to form a peptide bond. Release of the complete polypeptide chain may be via cyclization or through the action of a thioesterase or thioester reductase.
Many of the constituent domains of NRPSs have been defined by HMM models. These include adenylation (AMP-binding enzyme, PF00501), condensation (PF00668), acyl/peptidyl carrier protein (thiolation, pantetheine-binding, PF00550), thioesterase (PF00975) and thioester reductase (TIGR01746) domains. In addition, the pantetheine binding domains are identified by a pair of PROSITE motifs (PS00012, PS50075).
The minimal components of an NRPS are the C (condensation), A (adenylation) and T (thiolation) domains which are commonly organized into CAT modules. NRPSs are detected as genes which contain hits to all three of these domains. Genomes with at least one ORF which fulfills this condition will be assigned the YES state for this property. The value field will hold the number of ORFs found to be NRPSs. NRPSs may, however, be broken up into multiple genes at domain boundaries and thus the possibility exists of missing NRPS genes which are short and broken up into pieces having only two of the three essential domains. If the state NO has been set, this indicates that the genome has been manually reviewed.
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| Parent Property | GenProp0077: natural products biosynthesis
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| Gene Ontology Term | GO:0019184: nonribosomal peptide biosynthetic process (biological_process)
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| Accession | Name |
|---|
| GenProp0014 | polyketide biosynthesis, type I |
| GenProp0015 | polyketide biosynthesis, type II |
| GenProp0169 | hybrid NRPS-PKS natural pruduct biosynthesis genes |
| GenProp0724 | phosphonoacetaldehyde biosynthesis from phosphoenolpyruvate |
| GenProp0757 | quorum-sensing, autoinducer-2 system |
| GenProp0758 | lycopene biosynthesis from IPP |
| GenProp0770 | siderophore biosynthesis |
| GenProp0807 | bacteriocin system, heterocycle biosynthesis group |
| GenProp0808 | bacteriocin system, TIGR01847 leader group |
| GenProp0809 | bacteriocin system, lactococcin 972 group |
| GenProp0823 | violacein biosynthesis |
| GenProp0825 | bacteriocin system, circular bacteriocin group |
| GenProp0853 | lantibiotic system, gallidermin/epidermin family |
| GenProp0861 | bacteriocin system, NHLP (nif11/nitrile hydratase leader peptide) transport group |
| GenProp0901 | post-ribosomal natural product synthesis system, Burkholderia TOMM-type |
| GenProp0919 | SCIFF/radical SAM Clostridial gene pair |
| GenProp0920 | radical SAM Y_X(10)_GDL system |
| GenProp0921 | radical SAM pair and His-Xaa-Ser repeats peptide |
| GenProp0936 | bacteriocin system, sporulation delay protein group |
| GenProp0945 | radical SAM maturase bacteriocin system, CLI_3235 type |
| GenProp0954 | radical SAM-cylized peptide, Pep1357C family |
| GenProp0955 | modified peptide/radical SAM maturase system, YydFG family |
| GenProp0956 | radical SAM maturase/selenobacteriocin system |
| GenProp0962 | methanobactin biosynthesis, Mb-OB3b family |
| GenProp0967 | radical SAM maturase system, CXXX repeats type |
| GenProp0982 | radical SAM maturase system, FibroRumin system |
| GenProp0984 | radical SAM maturase system, GG-Bacteroidales group |
| GenProp0990 | cobaltopeptin biosynthesis |
| GenProp0991 | ATP-grasp maturase system, microviridin/marinostatin class |
| GenProp1000 | ATP-grasp maturase system, uncharacterized |
| GenProp1002 | grasp-with-spasm peptide maturase system |
| GenProp1003 | cysteine S-glycopeptide biosynthesis, sublancin family |
| GenProp1029 | radical SAM/SPASM system SynChlorMet |
| GenProp1037 | radical SAM/SPASM system GRRM |
| GenProp1052 | geopeptide radical SAM/SPASM maturase system |
| GenProp1062 | radical SAM/SPASM system Clo7bot |
| GenProp1065 | radical SAM/SPASM TIGR04347/TIGR04031 system |
| GenProp1078 | sporulation killing factor system |
| GenProp1083 | cyanobactin-like ribosomal natural product biosynthesis |
| GenProp1084 | enduracididine biosynthesis |
| GenProp1090 | radical SAM/SPASM maturase system XYE |
| GenProp1097 | bacimethrin biosynthesis |
| GenProp1098 | 3-methylarginine biosynthesis |
